Controlling the causes of chronic pain after back surgery is an important step in recovery and pain control is implemented as a measure. Applying ice and using certain movements and positions will temporarily remove the pain. Further steps need to be taken for a complete rehabilitation, including chiropractic assistance, lifestyle changes and regular exercises. Pain management is a complex system of many disciplines to use in studying, preventing, evaluating, diagnosing and treating pain resulted from injury, surgical intervention, cancer and other causes. It may even be implemented as an alternative to back surgery to deal with the effects of the pain rather than the causes. Addressing the different pain producing disorders requires a wide variety of techniques, from alternative approaches lacking experimental support to clinically tested methods.